Email this article PENGARUH LUAS PENGGUNAAN LAHAN TERHADAP LAJU EROSI : STUDI PADA BEBERAPA DAS DI WILAYAH TAPAL KUDA JAWA TIMUR (The effect of land use on erosion rate: a study at several watersheds in Tapal Kuda Region, East Java)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The regencies of Probolinggo, Lumajang, Jember, Bondowoso, Situbondo, and Banyuwangi are located in the Eastern part of East Java and called as Tapal Kuda. These regions are actually on fast development. The development to service human settlement generates land use change from natural into urban or developed areas. The change in land use will generate more runoff, erosion, and sedimentation from the watersheds. This study examined the effect of land use types and their percentage areas on erosion rates. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) was used to predict the erosion rate. The erosion rate of four land uses, which were forests, paddy fields, plantations and settlements, were calculated and compared. The values of the erosion rate were obtained by the statistical value per pixel in the watershed. Fifteen watersheds in the Tapal Kuda area were used as the samples. The results showed that the relationship (r2) between forests, rice fields, plantations, settlements and the erosion rate: 0.2; 0.2; 0.2 and 0.03, respectively.
Keywords: area percentage; land use; erosion rate; watershed; USLE
ABSTRAK
Probolinggo, Lumajang, Jember, Bondowoso, Situbondo dan Banyuwangi merupakan kabupaten yang terletak di bagian timur Provinsi Jawa Timur dan dikenal dengan sebutan wilayah Tapal Kuda. Wilayah ini sedang mengalami perkembangan pembangunan yang cukup pesat. Percepatan pembangunan ini dilakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan manusia berupa pemukiman, akses jalan dan kebutuhan lainnya. Hal ini mengakibatkan terjadinya alih fungsi lahan yang memberikan dampak turunan berupa limpasan, erosi dan sedimentasi di DAS (Daerah Aliran Sungai). Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh luas penggunaan lahan terhadap laju erosi. Model Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) digunakan untuk memprediksi laju erosi. Analisis dilakukan dengan membandingkan persentase luas penggunaan lahan hutan, sawah, perkebunan dan pemukiman terhadap nilai laju erosi. Nilai laju erosi diperoleh berdasarkan statistik nilai per piksel di dalam DAS. Sejumlah 15 DAS di wilayah Tapal Kuda digunakan sebagai sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya korelasi (r2) antara luas hutan, sawah, perkebunan dan pemukiman terhadap laju erosi masing-masing sebesar 0,2; 0,2; 0,2 dan 0,03, secara berurutan.
Kata kunci: persentase luas; penggunaan lahan; laju erosi; DAS; USLE
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jppdas.2019.3.2.141-158
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