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MIKROPROPAGASI TANAMAN ENDEMIK SULAWESI, ALOCASIA TANDUK RUSA (Alocasia jacklyn sp) MELALUI INDUKSI TUNAS DAN AKAR
Abstract
Eksploitasi tanaman liar yang bernilai ekonomi seperti Alocasia jacklyn sp dari hutan secara terus-menerus tanpa diikuti usaha konservasi dan budidaya akan menyebabkan kepunahan. Metode perbanyakan dengan teknik kultur jaringan pada A. jacklyn sampai saat ini belum dilaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui metode mikropropagasi A. jacklyn melalui optimasi jenis dan konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh (hormon) penginduksi tunas dan akar. Pada tahap pertama dilakukan multiplikasi tunas dengan perlakuan variasi konsentrasi benziladenin (BA), yaitu 0; 2; 5; 10 mg.L-1. Pada tahap kedua dilakukan induksi akar pada tunas yang telah diperoleh dengan perlakuan variasi konsentrasi Indole 3 Butirit Acid (IBA), yaitu 0; 1; 2; 3; 4 mg.L-1. Kultur induksi tunas dikultivasi selama 4 minggu dan pada kultur induksi akar selama 6 minggu. Kedua kultur menggunakan medium Murashige dan Skoog tersuplementasi sukrosa 3% (w/v). Hasil observasi pada akhir kultur menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan BA dan IBA secara terpisah berdampak positif pada multiplikasi tunas dan pertumbuhan akar. Aplikasi BA dan IBA secara terpisah tidak berpengaruh signifikan pada pertumbuhan tunas dan jumlah akar. Jumlah dan tinggi tunas optimal pada penelitian ini dicapai pada 2 mg.L-1 BA, selanjutnya panjang akar optimal dicapai pada 2 mg.L-1 IBA.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/bptpth.2022.10.1.37-46
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