Potensi Liken Sebagai Bioindikator Kualitas Udara  Di Kawasan Sentul Bogor

Surti Kurniasih; Munarti Munarti; Dimas Prasaja; Anna Ayu Lestari

doi:10.20886/jped.2020.6.1.17-24

Potensi Liken Sebagai Bioindikator Kualitas Udara Di Kawasan Sentul Bogor

Surti Kurniasih, Munarti Munarti, Dimas Prasaja, Anna Ayu Lestari

Abstract

Polusi udara merupakan salah satu masalah lingkungan yang terjadi di perkotaan terutama di daerah dengan kepadatan lalu lintas yang tinggi. Liken sangat peka terhadap parameter lingkungan seperti suhu, kelembaban, angin dan polusi udara sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai bioindikator pencemaran udara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis liken yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bioindikator untuk memonitoring kualitas udara di Kawasan Sentul Eco Edu Tourism Forest. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskripif eksploratif, Pengambilan data liken dilakukan di tiga lokasi secara purposive sampling yaitu memilih secara sengaja lokasi yang dianggap memiliki tingkat polusi yang berbeda berdasarkan tingkat aktivitas manusia. Luas pengamatan liken dilakukan pada permukaan kulit batang pohon secara melingkar setinggi ±150 cm dari permukaan tanah, Analisis kandungan logam berat yaitu timbal (Pb) dan kromium (Cr) dengan metode Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat Sembilan jenis liken yang berhasil diidentifikasi dengan dua jenis tipe tallus yaitu Foliose dan Crustose. Jenis Parmelia paling sedikit ditemukan dan merupakan jenis liken yang sensitif sedangkan jenis liken Cryptochenia effusa ditemukan paling banyak dan terdapat pada semua lokasi pengamatan sehingga jenis ini tergolong toleran terhadap perubahan kualitas udara. Berdasarkan akumulasi Pb dan Cr pada tallus, jenis Parmelia lebih banyak mengakumulasi Pb dan Cr dibanding jenis Crypthocenia dan Physcia.

Keywords

liken, bioindikator, logam berat, kualitas udara.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jped.2020.6.1.17-24

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