PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SERAT KAYU PINUS DAN BAMBU PETUNG TERHADAP KUALITAS PAPAN SERAT KERAPATAN SEDANG KAYU MAHANG DENGAN PEREKAT ASAM MALAT

Agus Wahyudi, T A Prayitno, Ragil Widyorini, J.P. Gentur Sutapa

Abstract


Sifat dan kualitas produk papan serat dipengaruhi oleh kualitas serat bahan, proses kempa dan jumlah serta tipe perekat yang digunakan. Penggunaan perekat asam malat dalam pembuatan papan serat kerapatan sedang (MDF) dari kayu mahang memiliki sifat mekanika yang rendah, terutama nilai keteguhan lengkung statis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh penambahan serat panjang kayu pinus dan bambu petung terhadap sifat papan MDF kayu mahang dengan perekat asam malat. Komposisi perbandingan serat kayu mahang, kayu pinus dan bambu petung sebanyak 6 perlakuan yaitu 100/0/0, 90/10/0, 80/20/0, 90/0/10, 80/0/20 dan 80/10/10, dengan kadar perekat asam malat 25% berdasarkan berat kering serat dan dikempa panas pada suhu 180ºC selama 10 menit. Pengujian sifat fisika dan mekanika papan berdasarkan standar pengujian JIS 5905-2003. Penambahan serat panjang kayu pinus dan bambu petung dapat meningkatkan nilai mekanika papan MDF dari kayu mahang, komposisi campuran serat yang paling baik adalah serat kayu mahang 90%: bambu petung 10%, dengan nilai keteguhan rekat internal 0,7 MPa, keteguhan patah 9,11 MPa dan keteguhan elastisitas 2,5 GPa.


Keywords


Asam malat; papan serat; kayu mahang; kayu pinus; bambu petung

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jphh.2019.37.2.81-92

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