SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI BORNEOL DARI α-PINENA GETAH PINUS (Pinus merkusii Jungh. & de Vriese)

Gunawan Trisandi Pasaribu, Totok K. Waluyo

Abstract


Getah pinus diperoleh dari proses penyadapan pohon pinus (Pinus merkusii Jungh. & de Vriese). Setelah mengalami pengolahan, getah pinus akan menghasilkan produk berupa gondorukem dan terpentin. Pemanfaatan terpentin diantaranya untuk kosmetik, cat, campuran bahan pelarut, antiseptik, dan farmasi. Untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah produk terpentin dilakukan sintesis terpentin menjadi borneol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik borneol yang diperoleh dari sintesis α-pinena menggunakan basa NaOH dan KOH. Metode yang dilakukan yaitu melalui reaksi reduksi logam natrium menggunakan dua jenis basa yaitu KOH dan NaOH. Senyawa yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi dengan FTIR, NMR, dan GCMS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari analisis FTIR 12 sampel hasil sintesis borneol menunjukkan puncak-puncak absorpsi yang cukup serupa dengan puncak yang muncul pada FTIR standar borneol. Hasil analisis NMR baik itu HNMR dan CNMR, jika dibandingkan dengan standar NMR senyawa α-pinena, kamfer, dan borneol, maka dapat dilihat bahwa puncak-puncak serapan masih menunjukkan perbedaan dengan ketiga senyawa tersebut. Hasil GCMS menunjukkan terbentuknya sintesis senyawa borneol dengan persentase 0,12-2,03%. Jenis basa dan asal terpentin yang digunakan tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan kadar borneol.


Keywords


α-pinena; borneol; resin; sintesis

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jphh.2021.39.2.74-87

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