KAJIAN STRUKTUR ARANG-PIROLISIS, ARANG-HIDRO DAN KARBON AKTIF DARI KAYU Acacia mangium Willd. MENGGUNAKAN DIFRAKSI SINAR-X

Saptadi Darmawan, Wasrin Syafii, Nyoman J Wistara, Akhirudin Maddu, Gustan Pari

Abstract


Kegunaan karbon aktif sangat luas dan penting untuk beragam aplikasi. Arang-hidro dari biomassa yang dibuat melalui proses karbonisasi hidrotermal merupakan prekursor alternatif terhadap prekursor konvensional untuk pembuatan karbon aktif yang selama ini banyak menggunakan arang dari proses pirolisis (prekursor konvensional). Tulisan ini menganalisa struktur kristalin arang-pirolisis dan arang-hidro suhu 200 ?C dan 300 ?C serta produk karbon aktif menggunakan difraksi sinar-X (XRD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indeks kematangan dan tingkat aromatisasi karbon dari prekursor (baik konvensional atau alternatif) meningkat setelah diaktivasi; jarak antar lapisan graphene (d002) semakin kecil, sementara itu derajat kristalinitas, jumlah, tinggi dan lebar lapisan aromatik semakin besar. Arang-hidro memiliki derajat kristalinitas, indeks kematangan dan tingkat aromatisasi lebih rendah dari arang pirolisis suhu 300?C dengan kandungan bahan mudah menguap lebih tinggi. Keduanya telah membentuk struktur karbon bersifat amorf. Karbon aktif dari arang-hidro suhu 300?C menghasilkan daya jerap iodin tertinggi. Analisis XRD terhadap arang-pirolisis dan arang-hidro suhu rendah dapat memprediksi porositas karbon aktif yang dihasilkan.


Keywords


Karbon aktif, arang-pirolisis, arang-hidro, analisis XRD, kayu mangium

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jphh.2015.33.2.81-92

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