AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN KOMPONEN FITOKIMIA FRAKSI N-HEKSANA KULIT KAYU PULAI Alstonia scholaris R.Br SEBAGAI SUMBER HASIL HUTAN BUKAN KAYU ALTERNATIF

zuraida Tarmuzi

Sari


ABSTRACT


Pulai (Alstonia scholaris R. Br) is one of Indonesia’s tropical forest tree species which one of its usefullnes is as medicine for various diseases because of its antioxidant activity. Limited studies are available on pulai bark in non-polar fraction. This study aimed to evaluate antioxidant activity and phytochemical compound of n-hexane fraction of pulai bark. N-hexane fractionation was done after pulai bark extracted by maceration method with 70% ethanol. Antioxidant analysis of n-hexane fraction was done using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazil (DPPH) method in fifty inhibition concentration (IC50), while phytochemical compounds were tested by phytochemical test. The results showed that n-hexane fraction has 0.84% (w/w) yield with inhibition concentration (IC50) 65.28 μg/mL. Chemical compounds positively detected are flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, steroids, and terpenoids. It was suggested that flavonoid, alkaloids, and steroids played important role as an antioxidant.


Key words: antioxidant, Alstonia scholaris, phytochemical constituents

 

ABSTRAK


Pulai (Alstonia scholaris R, Br) adalah salah satu tumbuhan hutan tropis indonesia yang berfungsi sebagai obat untuk bermacam penyakit, seperti antioksidan. Penelitian berkaitan dengan fraksinasi ekstrak kulit kayu pulai menggunakan pelarut non polar masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan evaluasi aktivitas antioksidan dan kandungan fitokimia kulit kayu pulai dari fraksi n-heksana. Fraksinasi n-heksana dilakukan setelah kulit kayu pulai diekstraksi secara maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 70%. Analisis antioksidan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode 1,1-Difenil-2-pikril hidrazil (DPPH), dan analisis kandungan fitokimia dilakukan secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi n-heksana menghasilkan rendemen 0,84% (w/w), dengan aktivitas antioksidan (inhibition concentration, IC50) sebesar 65,28 μg/mL. Kandungan kelompok senyawa kimia yang terdeteksi positif adalah flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid, steroid, dan terpenoid. Aktivitas antioksidan yang dihasilkan dari fraksi n-heksana kulit kayu pulai diduga berasal dari kelompok senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, dan steroid.


Kata kunci: antioksidan, Alstonia scholaris, fitokimia


Kata Kunci


antioksidan; Alstonia scholaris; fitokimia

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jphka.2018.15.1.15-24

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