Email this article MITIGASI BANJIR STRUKTURAL DAN NON-STRUKTURAL UNTUK DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI RONTU DI KOTA BIMA (Structural and non-structural flood mitigation for Rontu Watershed in Bima City)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Flood is one of natural disasters that often occur in Indonesia. This disaster also occurred in Bima City on December 21, 2016, December 23, 2016, and January 2, 2017 with the affected area were Mpunda, Rasanae Timur, Asakota, Rasanae Barat, and Raba districts. The urban areas become the most affected areas, mainly in the residential areas that located more than 50 meters from the flood plains. The variations of flood heights ranged from 1-4 meters. In addition to the hydrometeorological factors, the flood in Bima was caused by several factors, such as: loss of riparian areas function which turned into settlements nowadays, siltation in the downstream areas, poor management of urban drainage systems, reduced vegetation cover in upstream, and narrowing of river bodies. With the increasing of hydro-meteorological disaster problems and challenges, recommendations of structural and non-structural infrastructure to reduce the risk of flood disaster are needed. Therefore, this research aims to provide recommendations of structural and non-structural as an effort to mitigate flood disaster in Bima City. Analytical methods used in this research were participatory mapping, flood hazards mapping and modeling, and qualitative description. Results showed that the management of Rontu watershed in controlling flood would be effective and efficient by combining the structural and non-structural development. Mapping and modeling the flood-affected areas can become a source in the riparian planning regulation to reduce the risk of flooding.
Keywords: flood; structural; and non structural
ABSTRAK
Banjir merupakan salah satu bencana alam yang sering terjadi di Indonesia. Bencana ini juga terjadi di Kota Bima pada tanggal 21 Desember 2016, 23 Desember 2016, dan 2 Januari 2017. Wilayah terdampak di Kota Bima adalah kecamatan Mpunda, Rasanae Timur, Asakota, Rasanae Barat, dan Raba. Kawasan perkotaan menjadi kawasan yang paling terdampak, terutama kawasan permukiman yang berjarak >50 meter dari sempadan sungai. Genangan banjir dapat mencapai ketinggian yang bervariasi, yaitu berkisar 1-4 meter. Selain faktor hidrometeorologi, banjir di Bima disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor; diantaranya hilangnya fungsi sempadan sungai yang saat ini banyak berubah menjadi kawasan permukiman, pendangkalan pada bagian hilir sungai, sistem drainase perkotaan yang buruk, berkurangnya tutupan vegetasi pada bagian hulu, serta penyempitan badan sungai. Dengan meningkatnya permasalahan dan tantangan bencana hidrometeorologi tersebut, maka diperlukan rekomendasi struktural dan non struktural untuk mengurangi risiko bencana banjir. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan arahan rekomendasi struktural dan non struktural sebagai upaya mitigasi bencana banjir Kota Bima. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pemetaan partisipatif, pemetaan dan pemodelan bahaya banjir, dan juga deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan upaya pengelolaan DAS Rontu untuk pengendalian banjir dapat efektif dan efisien jika mengkolaborasikan antara pembangunan infrastruktur struktural dan pembangunan nonstruktural. Pemetaan kawasan terdampak banjir dan pemodelan banjir dapat menjadi acuan dalam penataan ruang di kawasan sempadan sungai untuk dapat mengurangi risiko banjir.
Kata kunci: banjir; struktural; dan non structural
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jppdas.2018.2.2.137-150
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