SENYAWA FENOL PADA TOLERANSI Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) TERHADAP PENYAKIT KARAT TUMOR

Asri Insiana Putri; Mohammad Na'iem; Sapto Indrioko; Sri Rahayu

doi:10.20886/jpth.2015.9.3.189-202

SENYAWA FENOL PADA TOLERANSI Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) TERHADAP PENYAKIT KARAT TUMOR

Asri Insiana Putri, Mohammad Na'iem, Sapto Indrioko, Sri Rahayu

Abstract

Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) is severely attacked by Uromycladium tepperianum (Sacc.) McAlpine, which is a gall-forming (neoplasmic) and parasitic obligate pathogen. Phenolic compounds have the ability to function as co-factors of pathogenicity determinant of pathogens development and chemical defenses of plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of phenolic compounds on gall rust tolerance sengon by observation of tolerant sengon height, quantitative analysis of total phenolic compounds, wood anatomy analysis and tolerance test of sengon callus from tissue culture with filtrate gall rust as chemical agent. The results of the research were (1) inoculated sengon have lower total phenolic compounds than the control (no inoculation), (2) tolerant sengon have lower content of phenolic compounds than sensitive one, (3) microscopic wood anatomy observation shows that tolerant sengon have darker substrat, and (4) in the same concentration of gall rust filtrate incubation media, the tolerant sengon have higher survival cell calli. The highest concentration that callus cells can survive was 25% (v/v).

Keywords

phenolic compounds, Falcataria moluccana, tolerant, Uromycladium tepperianum, anatomy, live callus cells

Full Text:

PDF

References

Aloni, R., Prade, K. S. l., & Ullrich, C. I. (1994). The three-dimensional structure of vascular tissues in agrobacterium tumefaciens-induced crown galls and in the host stems of Ricinus communis l. Darmstadt, Jerman: Institut Fur Botanik.

Anggraeni, I. (2008). Penanggulangan Serangan Karat Puru pada Tanaman Sengon. Makalah Workshop, 19 Nop 2008. Balai Besar Penelitian Bioteknologi dan Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan. Pusat Litbang Tanaman Hutan. Bogor, Indonesia.

Baumann, N. (2014). Live and Dead Staining with Fluorescein Diacetat (FDA) and Propidium Iodide (PI): Application note, 3, ibidi GmbH, version 1.0. Cells in Focus.

Bergelson, J., & Purrington, C. B. (1996). Surveying Patterns in the Cost of Resistance in Plants. Am. Nat, 148, 536–558.

Biro Pusat Statistik. (2006). Sensus Tanaman Pertanian 2003. Jakarta, Indonesia: Biro Pusat Statistik.

Buiatti, M., & Ingram, D. S. (1991). Phytotoxins as Tools in Breeding and Selection of Disease Resistant Plants. Experientia, 47, 811-819.

Crino, P. (1997). Culture Filtrate as Selective Agent of Resistance to Phytopathogenic Fungi. In R. K. Upadhyay & K. G. Mukerji (Eds.), Toxins in Plant Disease Development and Evolving Biotechnology (pp 183-208). Enfield, New Hampshire, USA: Science Publishers Inc.

Detoni, L. M., Vasconcelos, E. G., Rust, N. M., Isaias, R. M. S., & Soares, G. L. G. (2011). Seasonal Variation of Phenolic Content in Galled and Non-Galled Tissues of Calliandra brevipes Benth (Fabaceae: Mimosoidae). Acta Botanica Brasilica, 25(3), 601-604.

Ebrahim, S., Usha, K., & Bhupinder, S. (2011). Pathogenesis Related (PR) Proteins in Plant Defense Mechanism. In A. Mendez- Vilas (Ed.), Science Against Microbial Pathogens: Communicating Current Research and Technological Advances. New Delhi, India: Indian Agricultural Research Institute.

Finkeldey, R. (2005). Die Genetische Variation in Eichenpopulationen. In P. Bonfils, D. Horisberger, & M. Ulber (Hrsg.), Förderung der Eiche. Strategie zur Erhaltung eines Natur-und Kulturerbes der Schweiz. Schriftenreihe Umwelt Nr. 383, (S. 31-32). Bern, Schweiz: ProQuercus und Bundesamt für Umwelt, Wald und Landschaft.

Hartmann, T. (1991). Alkaloids. In G. A. Rosenthal & M. R. Berenbaum, (Eds.), Herbivores: Their Interaction with Secondary Plant Metabolites: Vol. I. The chemical participants, (2nd ed.) (pp. 33-85). San Diego: Academic press.

Harvell, C. D., & Tollrian, R. (Eds.). (1999). Why Inducible Defenses? In The Ecology and Evolution of Inducible Defenses (pp. 3–9). Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.

Jewell, F. F. (1987). Phytopatology: Histopathology of Fusiform Rust- Inoculated Progeny from (Shortleaf x Slash) x Shortleaf Pine Crosses. School of Forestry, Louisiana Tech University.

Karban, R., & Baldwin, T. T. (1997). Induced Responses to Herbivory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Kuehnle, A. R., & Earle, E. D. (1992). Evaluation of In vitro Selection Regimes For A Mitochondrial Trait (Methomyl Resistance) in cms-T Maize. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 28, 129–37.

Lattanzio, V., Veronica, M. T., & Cardinali, A. (2006). In F. Imperato (Ed.), Phytochemistry: Advances in Research, 23-67. ISBN: 81-308-0034-9

Mahesius, U. (2001). Flavonoids induced in cells undergoing nodule organogenesis in white clover are regulators of auxin breakdown by peroxidase. Journal of Experimental and Botany, 52, 419.

Maloy, O. C. (2005). Plant Disease Management. Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA.

Marquis, R. J. (1984). Leaf Herbivores Decrease Fitness of a Tropical Plant. Science, 226, 537-539.

Maurico, R., Bowers, M. D., & Bazzaz, F. A. (1993). Pattern of Leaf Damage affects Fitness of The Annual Plant Raphanus sativus (Brassicaceae). Ecology, 74, 2066-2071.

Mohamed, M. A. H, Harris, P. J. C., & Henderson, J. (2000). In vitro Selection and Characterization of a Drought Tolerant Clone of Tagetes Minuta. Plant Sci., 159, 213–222.

Murashige, T. (1974). Plant Propagation Through Tissue Cultures. Annual Review Plant Physiology, 25, 135-166.

Nugroho, H., Purnomo & Isirep, S. (2005). Struktur dan Perkembangan Tumbuhan. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya.

Pachanawan, A., Phumkhachorn, P., & Rattanachaikunsopon, P. (2008). Potential of Psidium guajava supplemented fish diets in controlling aeromonas hydrophila infection in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). J. Biosci. Bioeng., 106, 419- 424.

Paige, K. N., & Whitham, T. G. (1987). Compention in Respon to Mammalian Herbivory: The Advantage of Being Eaten. American Naturalist, 129, 407-416.

Purohit, M., Srivastava, S., & Srivastava, P. S. (1998). In P. S. Srivastava (Ed.), Stress Tolerant Plants Through Tissue Culture, Plant Tissue Culture and Molecular Biology: Application and Prospects (pp. 554–578). New Delhi: Narosa Publishing House.

Rosenthal, J. P. & Welter, S. C. (1995). Tolerance to Herbivory by a Stemboring Caterpillar in Architecturally Distinct Maizes and Wild Relative. Oecologia, 102, 146-155.

Rukhama, S., & Nugroho, W. D. (2014). Anatomi tumor kayu pada sengon trubusan yang terserang jamur U. tepperianum (Skripsi). Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.

Scheffer, R. J. (2007). On Toxins and Aggressins. Plant Pathology, 31(3), 193-194. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3059.1982.tb01267.x

Siemens, D. H., Garner, S. H., Mitchell-Olds, T., & Callaway, R. M. (2002). Cost of Defense in The Context of Plant Competition: Brassica rapa May Grow and Defend. Ecology, 83(2), 505–517.

Simms, E. L. (1992). Costs of Plant Resistance to Herbivory. In Ecology, Evolution and Genetics, R. S. Fritz, & E. L. Simms (Eds.). Plant Resistance to Herbivores and Pathogens (pp. 392-425). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Simms, E. L., & Triplett, J. (1994). Cost and Benefits of Plant Responses to Dosease: Resistance and Tolerance. Evolution, 48, 1973-1985.

Singleton, V. L., & Rossi (Jr.), J. A. (1965). Colorunetry of Total Phenolics with Phosphomolybdic-Phosphotungstic Acid Reagents. Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of Calitornia, Davis, CA. American Journal Enolology Viticult, 16, 144-58.

Stotz, H. U., Kroymann, J., & Mitchell-Olds, T. (1999). Plant insect Interactions. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2, 268-272.

Strauss, S. Y., & Agrawal, A. A. (1999). The Ecology and Evolution of Plant Tolerance to Herbivory. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 14(5), 179-185. doi: 10.1016/S0169-5347(98)01576-6

Sutrian, Y. (2011). Pengantar Anatomi Tumbuh- tumbuhan Tentang Sel dan Jaringan. Rineka Cipta. ISBN 9789795180357.

Švábová, L., & Lebeda, A. (2005). In vitro Selection for Improved Plant Resistance to Toxin-Producing Pathogens. Journal of Phytopathology, 153, 52-64.

Voegele, R. T., & Mendgen, K. (2010). Nutrient Uptake in Rust Fungi: How Sweet is Parasitic Life. BGRI 2010 Technical Workshop, 30-31-May 2010, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Yamamoto, F., Sakata, T. & Terazawa, K. (1995). Growth, Morphology, Stem Anatomy, and Ethylene Production in Flooded Alnus japonica Seedlings. IAWA J, 16, 47-59.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jpth.2015.9.3.189-202