KARAKTERISTIK SERAT KAYU HIBRID Acacia auriculiformis x Acacia mangium SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PULP

Sri Sunarti; Harry Praptoyo; Arif Nirsatmanto

doi:10.20886/jpth.2016.10.2.135-143

KARAKTERISTIK SERAT KAYU HIBRID Acacia auriculiformis x Acacia mangium SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PULP

Sri Sunarti, Harry Praptoyo, Arif Nirsatmanto

Abstract

Acacia auriculiformis x Acacia mangium hybrid (Aa x Am) is a promising Acacia hybrid for pulp. Wood properties of the hybrid have been reported for their physical and chemical characteristics, but the fiber characteristics have not been investigated. This study was aimed to investigate the fiber characteristics of the hybrid. Wood samples were collected from three years old of Aa x Am hybrid trees planted in a hybrid seed orchard. For comparison, wood sample from other three species: A. mangium x A. auriculiformis hybrid (Am x Aa), A. mangium and A. auriculformis on the same age, planted in the orchard were also collected. The wood sample was prepared from a slice which was put into a bottle containing a combination of acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide (perhidrol) in 1:20 (v/v) for observing fiber characteristics. The results showed that in general the fiber characteristics of Aa x Am hybrid were comparable to those of three comparison species. The average fiber dimensions were intermediate between the two parents: 0.85 mm, 16.09 μm, 12.56 μm and 1.7 μm for fiber length, fiber diameter, fiber lumen width and fiber wall thickness, respectively. The derived values were variable to three comparison species, with the Muhlstep ratio and flexibility coefficient were slightly lower than those observed in Am x Aa hybrid. Based on the level of fiber quality for pulp, the Aa x Am hybrid was classified as level II, the same level as A. mangium and hybrid Am x Aa.

Keywords

Acacia hybrid; hybrid seed orchard; fiber dimensions; fiber derived values

Full Text:

PDF

References

Aimin, A. B., Abdullah, M. Z., Muhammad, N., & Ratnam, W. (2014). Early growth performance of full-sib Acacia auriculiformis x Acacia mangium F1 hybrid progenies at three different site. In AIP Conference Proceeding 1614.The 2014 University Kebangsaan Malaysia FST Postgraduate Colloquium. (pp. 769–771). Malaysia: AIP publishing.

Arara Abadi. (2016). Acacia hybrid clonal test: clones from BBPBPTH. Laporan Internal, PT. Arara Abadi 2016. Pekanbaru, Riau.

Gomez, K. A., & Gomez, A. A. (1984). Statistical procedures for agricultural research. Canada: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Ibrahim, Z. (1993). Reproductive Biology. In K. Awang & D. Taylor (Eds.), Acacia mangium Growing and Utilization (pp. 21– 30). Bangkok.

Kasmudjo. (1994). Cara penentuan proporsi tipe sel dan dimensi sel kayu disertai dengan analisis untuk bahan pulp-kertas. Yogyakarta: Yayasan Pembina Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada.

Kato, K., Yamaguchi, S., Chigira, O., & Hanaoka, S. (2014). Comparative study of reciprocal crossing for establishment of Acacia hybrid. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 24(2), 469–483.

Kato, K., Yamaguchi, S., Chigira, S., Ogawa, Y., & Isoda, K. (2012). Tube pollination using stored pollen for creating Acacia auriculiformis hybrid. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 24(2), 469–483.

Kehutanan, D. J. (1976). Vademecum Kehutanan Indonesia. Jakarta.

Kha, L. D. (2001). Studies on the use of natural hybrids between Acacia mangium and Acacia auriculiformis in Vietnam. Hanoi: Agriculture Publishing House.

Krisdiyanto, & Balfas, J. (2016). Struktur anatomi dan kualitas serat kayu dan akar gantung beringin (Ficus benjamina Linn.). Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 21(1), 13–19.

Mandang, Y. I., & Pandit, I. K. N. (2002). Seri Manual: Identifikasi jenis kayu di Lapangan. Bogor: Yayasan PROSEA.

Nugroho, W. D., Kasmudjo, & Siagian, P. B. (2005). Tingkat akurasi proporsi sel kayu dengan beberapa metode. In Seminar Nasional MAPEKI VIII. Kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur.

Rokeya, U. K., Hossain, M. A., Ali, M. R., & Paul, S P. (2010). Physical and mechanical properties of Hybrid Acacia(Acacia auriculiformis x A. mangium). Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Science, 32(2), 181–187.

Samariha, A. (2011). The influence of trees’s age on the physical properties and fiber length of Eucalyptus camaldulensis in the Zabol Region at Iran. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 8(5), 851–854.

Silitonga, T. R., & Nurrahman. (1972). Cara pengukuran serat kayu di Lembaga Penelitiaan Hasil Hutan. Bogor: Publikasi Khusus LPHH. Direktorat Jenderal Kehutanan. Departemen Pertanian.

Sunarti, S., Na’iem, M., Hardiyanto, E. B., & Indrioko, S. (2013). Breeding strategy of Acacia Hybrid (Acacia mangium × A. auriculiformis) to increase forest plantation productivity in Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika (Journal of Tropical Forest Management), XIX(2), 128–137.

https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.19.2.128

Syafii, W., & Siregar, I. Z. (2006). Sifat kimia dan dimensi serat kayu mangium (Acacia mangium Willd.) dari tiga provenans. Journal of Tropical Wood Science and Technology, 4(1), 28–32.

Wahno, I., Lopez, G., Sunarti, S., Valerianus, D. A., Budyansah, & Satya, H. (2014). Teknologi benih akasia hibrida: Upaya peningkatan produktivitas hutan tanaman industri pulp dan kertas di Indonesia. In Prosiding seminar nasional:Benih unggul untuk hutan tanaman, restorasi ekosistem, dan antisipasi perubahan iklim. Yogyakarta: Balai Besar Penelitian Bioteknologi dan Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan.

Yahya, R., Sugiyama, J., Silsia, D., & Gril, J. (2010). Some anatomical features of an Acacia hybrid, A. mangium and A. auriculiformis grown in Indonesia with regard to pulp yield and paper strength. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 22(3), 343–351.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jpth.2016.10.2.135-143