THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COLCHICINE AND ORYZAL IN ON POLYPLOIDY INDUCTION IN TEAK (Tectona grandis Linn. f.) IN VITRO

Autor(s): Yusuf Sigit Ahmad Fauzan, Supriyanto Supriyanto, Joko Mulyono, Teuku Tajuddin
DOI: 10.59465/ijfr.2024.11.1.1-15

Abstract

The Indonesian government has launched the rehabilitation of   a  community  plantation  forest  program  in  the  entire  country  that  would  be  beneficial  for  remedying the shortage in domestic demand for teak wood every year. This program needs to be supported by the availability  of   quality  seed  resources  and  quality  seedlings  utilizing  polyploid  teak  (Tectona grandis).  Our study aimed to examine the effectiveness of  colchicine and oryzalin to modify diploid into polyploid  T. grandis  based  on  growth  response,  morphological,  anatomical,  and  cytological  alteration,  as  well  as  the acclimatization ability of  polyploid plantlets. The materials used were aseptic lateral shoots consisting of  nodal  segments  immersed  in  antimitotic  agents  at  the  concentrations  of   0,  15,  and  30  μM  for  5  days, then  cultured  on  regeneration  medium  until  the  8th  week  and  followed  by  acclimatization.  The  results showed that colchicine at a concentration of  30 μM was the most effective to induce polyploidy of  plantlets in  the  parameter  of   high  growth  rate,  length  of   internodes,  number  of   leaf   plantlets,  leaf   surface  area, and significant chlorophyll index content compared to the control. Anatomical analysis of  polyploidy was characterized by increasing leaf  thickness, stomata size, decreased stomatal density, and increased chloroplast content in guard cells. Based on the cytological examination of  polyploidy plantlets, there was an increase in the number of  chromosomes in the cell nucleus. The acclimatization of  polyploid plantlets successfully induced rooting and 100% survival rate of  grown plantlets. Polyploid seedlings were able to grow and well adapted to the environment condition of  acclimatization

Keywords

Acclimatization, chromosome number, polyploidy, Tectona grandis, tetraploidy

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.59465/ijfr.2024.11.1.1-15

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