Email this article TREE SPECIES COMPOSITION OF 1.8 HA PLOT SAMBOJA RESEARCH FOREST: 28 YEARS AFTER INITIAL FIRE
DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2017.4.2.95-106Abstract
Repeated forest fires highly impact on tree species composition. Forest planning requires information about the current condition of species composition. This paper investigates the current tree composition of natural regeneration after repeated forest fires, regeneration process after repeated fires, and strategy of secondary growth related to ecological restoration issues. Re-observation of the 1.8 hectares permanent plot in Samboja Research Forest was conducted in 2011. All trees with diameters above 10 cm at breast height (DBH) were re-numbered and mapped. Herbarium specimen was collected for species identification. Number of taxon was determined, Important Value Index was calculated, species trait of light response was identified based on the references and dispersion index species was calculated. Results show after twenty eight years initial forest fire, 191 species naturally regenerated in the burnt area. Macaranga gigantea, a light demanding pioneer species of Euphorbiaceae was the most dominant species, followed by Vernonia arborea belonging to Asteraceae. Both, M. gigantea and V. arborea had clumped distribution. Eight species identified survived from repeated fires, are Anthocephalus chinensis, Dipterocarpus cornutus, Diospyros borneensis, Eusideroxylon zwageri, Shorea ovalis, Syzygium borneensis, Pholidocarpus majadum and Vatica umbonata. All surviving species was distributed uniformly in the plot. Dominant pioneer species which has grown after repeated fires indicates that the current condition of burnt forest is in the early succession. Protecting forest, assisting natural regeneration and monitoring dominant species are suggested as activities for the ecological restoration.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Baeza, M.J., Valdecantos, A., Alloza, J.A., Vallejo, V.R. (2007). Human disturbance and environmental factors as drivers of long-term post-fire regeneration patterns in Mediteranean forests.J. Veg. Sci. 18, 243-252.
Balch, J.K., Massad T.J., Brando, P.M., Nepstad, D.C, Curran, L.M. (2013). Effects of high-frequency understoreyfires on woody plant regeneration in southeastern Amazonian forests. Phil Trans R Soc B 368: 20120157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0157.
Blackham, G.V., Webb, E.L. and Corlett, R.T. (2014). Natural regeneration in a degraded tropical peatland, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia: Implications for forest restoration. Forest Ecology and Management 324: 8–15.
Clarke, P.J., Lawes, M.J., Midgley, J.J., Lamont, B.B., Ojeda, F, Burrows, G.E., Enright, N.J. and Knox, K.J.E. (2013) Resprouting as a key functional trait: how buds, protection and resources drive persistence after fire. New Phytologist 197(1): 19-35
Clement, F.E. (1916).Plant succession:an analysis of the development of vegetation. Washington: Carnegie Institute of Washington.
Curtis, J.T. (1959). The Vegetation of Wisconsin: An Ordination of Plant Communities. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, WI., USA., Pages: 657.
Delmy, A. (1999). Fire resistance of tree species in Bukit Soeharto Education Forest, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. In: Kobayasi, S.et al. (eds): Rehabilitation of Degraded Tropical Forest Ecosystems. Workshop proceeding 2-4 November 1999. Bogor: Centre for International Forestry Research.
Kartawinata, K.., Purwaningsih, Partomihardjo, T., Yusuf, R.., Abdulhadi, R. & Riswan, S. (2008). Floristic and a structure of low land Dipterocarp forest at Wanariset Samboja, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Reinwartia 12(4), 301-323.
Kim, D. and Arthur, M.A.(2014). Changes in community structure and species-landform relationship after repeated fire disturbance in an oak-dominated temperate forest. Ecol Res 29,661-671. DOI.10.1007/s11284-014-1157-y.
Krisnawati, H., Kallio, M.& Kanninen, M. (2011).Anthocephalus cadambaMiq.: ecology, silviculture and productivity. Bogor: Center for International Forestry Research.
Krisnawati H, Wahjono D, Imanuddin R. 2011. Changes in the species composition, stand structure and aboveground biomass of a lowland of Dipterocarp forest in Samboja, East Kalimantan. Journal of Forestry Research 8(1): 1-16.
Ludwig, J.A. & Reynolds, J.F. (1988). Statistical Ecology: A Primer on Methods and Computing. Canada: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Martawijaya, A., Kartasujana, I., Kadir, K., Prawira, A.S. (1992).Indonesia wood atlas Volume II.Bogor: Forest Products Research and development Centre, Agency for Forest Research and Development, Department of Forestry.
Martinez-Garza, C. & Howe, H.F. (2003). Restoring tropical diversity: beating the time tax on species loss. Journal of Applied Ecology 40, 423-429.
Mojiol, A.R., Wahyudi &Nasly, N. (2014).Growth performance of three indigenous tree species (Cratoxylum arborescens Vahl.Blume, Alstonia spathulata Blume, and Stemonurus scorpioides Becc.) Planted at Burned Area in Klias Peat Swamp Forest, Beaufort, Sabah, Malaysia. Journal of Wetland Environmental Management 2 (1), 66-78.
Nasi, R., Dennis, R., Meijaard,E., Applegate, G. and Moore, P. (2001).Forest fire and biological diversity.http://www.fao.org/docrep/004/y3582e/y3582e08.htm.
Peterson, D.W. & Reich, P.B. (2008). Fire frequency and tree canopy structure influence plant species diversity in a forest-grassland ecotone. Palnt Ecology 195: 5-16. DOI 10.1007/s11258-007-9270-4.
Phillipps, Q. 2016. Phillipp’s Field Guide to the Mammals of Borneo: Sabah, Sarawak, Bunei and Kalimantan. Princenton and Oxford: Princenton University Press. https://books.google.co.id/books?isbn=0691169411
Pyke, D.A., Brooks, M.L. and D’Antonio.C. (2010). Fire as a restoration tool: a decision framework for predicting the control or enhancement of plants using fire. Restoration Ecology 10(3), 274-284
Rahayu, S. 2016. Strategi Rehabilitasi dan Restorasi Hutan Bekas Terbakar di KHDTK Samboja, Kalimantan Timur. (submitted PhD thesis).
Siedler, T.G. & Plotkin, J.B. (2006). Seed dispersal and spatial pattern in tropical trees. PLos Biology 4(11).e344. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040344
Simbolon,H. (2005). Dinamika hutan Dipterocarp campuran Wanariset Samboja, Kalimantan Timur setelah tiga kali kebakaran tahun 1980 – 2003.Biodiversitas 6 (2), 133-138
Slik, J.W.F., Kebler, P.J.A. & van Welzen, P.C. (2003). Macaranga and Mallotus species (Euphorbiaceae) as indicators for disturbance in mixed lowland Dipterocarp forest of East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Ecological Indicators 2, 311-324.
Slik, J.W.F, Bernard, C.S., van Beek,M., Breman, F.C. and Eichhorn, K.A.O. (2008). Tree diversity, composition, forest structure, and aboveground biomass dynamics after single and repeated fire in a Bornean rain forest.Oecologia. DOI: 10.1007/s00442-008-1163-2
Slik, J.W.F., Breman, F.C., Bernard, C., van Beek, M., Cannon, C.H., Eichhorn, K.A.O. & Sidiyasa, K. (2010).Fire as selective force in a Bornean tropical everwet forest.Oecologia 164, 841–849. DOI: 10.1007/s00442-010-1764-4.
Van Nieuwstadt, M.G.L. &Sheil, D. (2005).Drought, fire and tree survival in a Borneo rain forest, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.Journal of Ecology 93, 191–201.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
