Email this article THE EFFECT OF ADSORBENT AGENTS: SILICA, ANDISOL, LECA, ANTHRACITE, AND ACTIVATED CARBON ON POLLUTANT UPTAKE IN THE CITARUM RIVER (Pengaruh agen penjerap silika, andisol, LECA, antrasit, dan karbon aktif terhadap penjerapan polutan di Sungai Citarum)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Citarum is the longest and largest river in West Java-Indonesia which plays a critical role in the water supply. Water treatment is needed to process the Citarum water due to its pollutants have been over standard for human consumption. Nowadays, the adsorption process is still popular in water treatment process because of its effectiveness. In this study, the effectivity of five adsorbents on Citarum water treatment: silica, andisol, LECA (Light Expanded Clay Aggregate), anthracite, and activated carbon has been evaluated with variable contact time and solid loading. After treatment, turbidity and heavy metal of filtrate were analyzed. Surface characteristics, functional group, and surface area of five adsorbents were done by FE-SEM (Field Emission - Scanning Electron Microscopes), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), and BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) surface area analysis, respectively. The result showed that andisol and LECA decreased turbidity of Citarum water from 21.30 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Unit) to 1.23 and 2.52 NTU after 10 min contact time. Activated carbon was taking another 10 min longer to decrease turbidity to 2.26 NTU yet it has the highest surface area, 548.31 (m2/g). Surface area was in correlation with FE-SEM result where activated carbon has a more regular and larger pore size compared to others adsorbent. In general, andisol, LECA, activated carbon were successful to decrease turbidity of Citarum water which correlated to their paricles’ surface area.
Keywords: adsorption; Citarum water river; adsorbents; pore size
ABSTRAK
Sungai Citarum merupakan sungai terpanjang dan terbesar di Jawa Barat, Indonesia yang mempunyai fungsi vital sebagai sumber air. Pengolahan air sungai Citarum sebelum disalurkan ke masyarakat diperlukan untuk menghilangkan pengotor karena kandunganpengotor pada air sungai Citarum melebihi batas ambang yang dipersyaratkan untuk air konsumsi. Saat ini proses penjerapan atau adsorpsi merupakan proses yang umum digunakan pada perusahaan pegolahan air karena efektifitasnya. Pada penelitian ini, efektifitas lima agen penjerap yaitu silika, andisol, hidroton, antrasit, karbon aktif teladievaluasi dengan perbedaan rasio padatan dan larutan, dan waktu kontak. Setelapengolahan, kekeruhan dan logam berat dalam air dianalisa. Karakteristik permukaan, gugus fungsi, dan luas permukaan dari kelima agen penjerap dianalisa masing-masing menggunakan FE-SEM (Field Emission - Scanning Electron Microscopes), FTIR (FourieTransform Infrared Spectroscopy), dan analisa luas permukaan BET (Brunauer-EmmettTeller). Hasil analisa menunjukan bahwa masing-masing andisol dan LECA menurunkankekeruhan dari air Citarum dari 21.30 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Unit) menjadi 1.23 da2.52 NTU setelah waktu kontak 10 menit. Karbon aktif membutuhkan waktu 10 menit lebih lama untuk menurunkan kekeruhan menjadi 2.26 NTU akan tetapi karbon aktif memiliki luas permukaan yang paling tinggi yaitu 548.31 (m2/g). Luas permukaan berkaitan dengan hasil FE-SEM dimana karbon aktif memiliki pori yang teratur dan berukuran besar. Padaumumnya, andisol, LECA, dan karbon aktif telah berhasil menurunkan kekeruhan air Sungai Citarum yang berkaitan dengan luas permukaan partikelnya.
Kata kunci: agen penjerap; air sungai Citarum; penjerapan; luas permukaan.
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jppdas.2021.5.2.105-120
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