IDENTIFIKASI Aquilaria malaccensis DAN A. microcarpa MENGGUNAKAN PENANDA RAPD

Anto Rimbawanto; AYPBC Widyatmoko

doi:10.20886/jpth.2011.5.1.23-30

IDENTIFIKASI Aquilaria malaccensis DAN A. microcarpa MENGGUNAKAN PENANDA RAPD

Anto Rimbawanto, AYPBC Widyatmoko

Abstract

Aquilaria sp, belong to Family Thymelaeaceae, is one of several species whose can produce agarwood or gaharu. Quality of gaharu of this species is better than the other species. With high economic value, demand of Aquilaria sp increase and also increase exploitation of the species without counterbalanced by enough planting activity. Therefore, conservation and breeding program of the species become important to carry out. Two important Aquilaria sp. are A. malaccensis and A. microcarpa. However, both species only can be distinguished by generative characteristics such as flower and fruit. The most appropriate and rapid method to identify species is DNA marker, especially using RAPD markers. In order to obtain DNA marker to species identification, 2 selection steps should be carried out. The first step was using 2-3 samples per species. From 180 RAPD primers, only 5 primers produced loci those can identify both species, those are D-20, A-17, G-12, R-15 and U-13. The second selection step was carried out by increasing number of samples per species (24 samples in total). From the five primers obtained from first selection, only U-13 700 basepairs that can be selected as species-specific DNA markers to identify both Aquilaria sp.

Keywords

Aquilaria malaccensis; Aquilaria microcarpa; identification; RAPD; gaharu

Full Text:

PDF

References

Akopyanz, N., Bukanov, N.O., Westblom, T.U., Kresovich, S. dan Berg, D. 1992. DNA diversity among clinical isolates of hellcobacter pylori detected by PCR-based RAPD fingerprinting. Nucl. Acid. Res. 20:5137-5142.

Bidochka, M.J., McDonald, M.A., Leger, R.J. dan Roberts, D.W. 1994. Differentiation of species and strains of entomopathogenic fungi by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Curr Genet. 25:107-113.

Chakrabarty, K., Kumar, A. and Menon, V. 1994. Trade in Agarwood. WWF-TRAFFIC, India

Delozier V., Peltier D. dan Jalouzot R. ( 1999) Development of SCARs useful for species identification in the genus Lolium. Agronomie 19:145-153.

Ding, H. 1960. Thymelaeaceae. In: Van Steenis, C.G.G.J. (Ed.), Flora Malesiana. Series I. Vol. 6. Wolters-Noordhoff, Groningen, The Netherlands, pp. 1-15.

Khasa, P. D. dan Dancik, B. P. 1996. Rapid identification of white-Engelmann spruce species by RAPD markers. Theoretical Applied Genetics 92:46-52.

Lee, J. C-I. dan Chang, J-G. 1994. Random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD PCR) fingerprints in forensic species identification. Forensic Science International 67:103-107

Nkongolo, K.K. 1999. RAPD variations among pure and hybrid populations of Picea mariana, P. rubens, and P. glauca (Pinaceae), and cytogenetic stability of Picea hybrids: Identification of species-specific RAPD markers. Plant Systematics and Evolution 215:229-239.

Sale, M.M., Potts, B.M., West, A.K. dan Reid, J.B. 1996. Molecular ifferentiation within and between Eucalyptus risdonii, E. amygdalina and their Hybrids using RAPD Markers. Aust. J. Bot. 44:559-569.

Samuel, R. 1999. Identification of hybrids between Quercus petraea andQ. robur (Fagaceae): Results obtained with RAPD markers confirm allozyme studies based on the Got-2 locus. Plant Systematics and Evolution 217:137-146.

Sanchez, N., Grau, J.M., Manzanera, J.A. dan Bueno, M.A. 1998. RAPD Markers for the Identification of Populus Species. Silvae Genetica, 47:67-71.

Scheepers, D., Eloy M.C. dan Briquet, M. 2000. Identification of larch species (Larix decidua, Larix kaempferi and Larix×eurolepis) and estimation of hybrid fraction in seed lots by RAPD fingerprints. Theoretical Applied Genetics 100:71-74.

Shiraishi, S. dan Watanabe, A. 1995. Identification of chloroplast genome between Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. and P. thunbergii Parl. based on the polymorphism in rbcL gene. J. Jpn. For. Soc. 77:429-436 (in Japanese with English summary).

Soehartono, T dan Newton, A.C. 2000. Conservation and sustainable use of tropical trees in the genus Aquilaria I. Status and distribution in Indonesia. Biological Conservation 96:83-94

Sumarna, Y. 2002. Budidaya Gaharu. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta.

Welsh, J., Peterson, C. dan McClelland, M. 1991. Polymorphisms generated by arbitrarily primed PCR in the mouse: application to strain identification and genetic mapping. Nucl. Acid. Res. 19:303-306.

Widyatmoko, AYPBC. dan Shiraishi, S. 2001. Identification of Acacia auriculiformis and A. mangium using RAPD markers. Bulletin of Kyushu Branch of the Japanese Forest Society 54:55-56.

Widyatmoko, AYPBC. dan Shiraishi, S. 2003. Species-specific RAPD markers for identification of Acacia mangium and A. auriculiformis and their hybrid. Kyushu Journal of Forest Research, 56:66-68.

Williams, J.G.K., Hanafey, M.K., Rafalsky, J.A. dan Tingey, S.V. 1993. Genetic analysis using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers. Methods Enzymol 218:704-740.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jpth.2011.5.1.23-30