POTENSI SIMPANAN KARBON PADA JENIS TANAH ACRISOLS DAN FERRALSOLS DI HUTAN TANAMAN Acacia mangium Willd. DAN Shorea leprosula Miq. KABUPATEN BOGOR

Harris Herman Siringoringo

Sari


Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang perbedaan potensi   simpanan karbon tanah kumulatif pada tipe tanah Acrisols dan Ferralsols pada tegakan hutan tanaman Acacia mangium Willd. dan Shorea leprosula Miq. yang baru ditanam dan vegetasi awalnya, secara berurutan. Selain itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh kadar liat dari masing-masing tipe tanah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Resort  Polisi  Hutan  (RPH)  Maribaya  dan  RPH  Ngasuh,  yang  merupakan  wilayah  kerja  Kesatuan Pemangkuan Hutan (KPH) Bogor, Unit III Perum Perhutani, Jawa Barat dan Banten. Kondisi iklim pada lokasi penelitian di Maribaya dan Ngasuh termasuk tipe iklim B dan dengan rata-rata curah hujan tahunan sebesar 2.754 mm dan 3.148 mm secara berurutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerapatan tanah Ferralsols pada kedalaman 0-100 cm secara umum lebih rendah daripada tanah Acrisols, yaitu berkisar antara 0,53-0,86 g/cc dan 0,73-0,94 g/cc secara berurutan, dan secara statistik menunjukkan perbedaan pada setiap lapisan pada kedalaman 0-50 cm. Sementara kandungan karbon tanah Ferralsols hampir 1,5-2 kali lebih besar daripada tanah Acrisols, yaitu berkisar antara  1,42-6,07 % dan 0,88-4,03 % secara berurutan, dan secara statistik berbeda pada kedalaman 0-30 cm. Berdasarkan tipe tanah, kadar liat Ferralsols lebih tinggi daripada Acrisols pada kedalaman 0-100 cm, yaitu berkisar antara 78,6-87,6 % untuk Ferralsols dan 57,4-84,2 % untuk Acrisols. Kerapatan tanah pada Acrisols dikontrol lebih kuat oleh kadar liat tanahnya, sementara kandungan karbon pada tanah Ferralsols maupun Acrisols secara umum dikontrol oleh kerapatan tanah. Potensi simpanan karbon tanah Ferralsols lebih besar daripada Acrisols dan berbeda nyata pada kedalaman 0-30 cm, yaitu berturut-turut sebesar 74,72 ton/ha dan 64,39 ton/ha. Namun dengan bertambahnya kedalaman tanah (lebih besar dari 30 cm), simpanan karbon tanah pada kedua tipe tanah relatif hampir sama. Potensi simpanan karbon tanah Ferralsols lebih besar daripada tanah Acrisols pada lapisan olah tanah (0-30 cm).

Kata Kunci


Tipe tanah; tegakan hutan; karbon tanah; kerapatan tanah; kadar liat; simpanan karbon tanah kumulatif

Teks Lengkap:

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jphka.2007.4.5.511-530

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