PREFERENSI HABITAT TRENGGILING (Manis Javanica Desmarest, 1822) DI SEKITAR SUAKA MARGASATWA SIRANGGAS, SUMATERA UTARA

Wanda Kuswanda, Titik Setyawati

Sari


ABSTRACT

Sunda Pangolin population in the wild has been continuously decreasing and requires serious conservation effort to increase their condition. Habitat preference is one among ecological information needed to develop its conservation techniques. In 2012, data on habitat types and resources preferred by pangolin were collected during 10 months field survey to gain adequate information on factors affecting their occurrence in and around Siranggas Wildlife Reserve, North Sumatra. A total number of 28 plots of 50 m x 50 m for observing types of habitat and 20 m x 20 m for habitat resources were established in four types of forest, i.e. primary forest, secondary forest, mixed-forest and cultivation forest. A descriptive statistical analysis, MANOVA (multivariate of variant), normality and correlation test, and regression equationwere used to analyze data for all habitat components. Results indicate that pangolin does not prefer certain habitat types feeding and nesting behavior, but in general, the most preferred habitat is the secondary forest. Resources selection function model showed that pangolin’s feeding and nesting were strongly affected by the number of seedling/undergrowth species (X1) and soil pH (X13) with Nagelkerke R2 about 83.5%.

Key words: Habitat, pangolin, preference, regression, Siranggas.

ABSTRAK

Populasi trenggiling terus menurun, sehingga diperlukan upaya konservasinya. Informasi yang penting diketahui untuk menyusun teknik konservasi trenggiling diantaranya adalah tentang habitat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tipe habitat dan sumberdaya habitat yang paling disukai yang mempengaruhi terhadap kehadiran trenggiling di sekitar Suaka Margasatwa (SM) Siranggas, Sumatera Utara. Penelitian dilakukan selama 10 bulan, dari Maret sampai dengan Desember 2012. Plot penelitian tipe habitat dibuat berukuran 50 m x 50 m (28 plot) dan untuk sumberdaya habitat 20 m x 20 m (42 plot) yang disebar pada 4 tipe habitat, yaitu hutan primer, hutan sekunder, hutan campuran dan tipe habitat lahan budidaya/perkebunan masyarakat. Analisis data yang digunakan diantaranya adalah analisis deskriptif statistik untuk semua variabel komponen habitat, analisis MANOVA (multivariate of varian), uji normalitas data, uji korelasi dan persamaan regresi. Trenggiling tidak memilih habitat tertentu untuk mencari makan atau menempatkan sarang dengan habitat yang paling disukai adalah hutan sekunder. Sumberdaya habitat yang paling mempengaruhi trenggiling untuk mencari makan dan bersarang adalah jumlah jenis vegetasi tingkat semai dan tumbuhan bawah (X1) dan pH tanah (X13) sedangkan variabel pakan (X14) tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan. Model resources selection function (RSF) trenggiling berdasarkan persamaan regresi logistik menghasilkan nilai Nagelkerke R2 sebesar 83,5%.

Kata kunci: Habitat, preferensi, regresi, Siranggas, trenggiling.


Kata Kunci


Habitat; preferensi; regresi; Siranggas; trenggiling

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jphka.2016.13.1.43-56

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