Dampak Kebakaran Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit terhadap Keanekaragaman Jenis Mamalia: Studi Kasus PT. RAJ, Sumatera Selatan

Sahat Raja Girsang

Sari


Perkebunan kelapa sawit adalah penyebab kebakaran terbesar di Indonesia. Kebakaran menyebabkan kerusakan ekosistem dan pengurangan keanekaragaman hayati, khususnya mamalia. Untuk mengetahui seberapa besar dampak dari kebakaran di konsesi kelapa sawit, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian dengan membandingkan keanekaragaman jenis mamalia di lahan yang tidak terbakar dengan lahan pasca kebakaran berdasarkan jenis tutupan lahan yang sama. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh nilai dampak pasca kebakaran dengan pembanding tutupan lahan yang sama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keanekaragaman jenis mamalia dan nilai indeks Shannon-wiener paling tinggi adalah tutupan lahan Nilai Konservasi Tinggi (NKT). Nilai indeks Margalef dan Evennes paling tinggi adalah tutupan lahan semak belukar pasca kebakaran. Keanekaragaman jenis mamalia lebih tinggi di habitat pasca kebakaran. Dampak pasca kebakaran terhadap nilai keanekaragaman jenis mamalia mengalami peningkatan di lahan sawit dan semak belukar. Pada lahan sawit, nilai indeks Sorensen dan Bray-Curtis menunjukkan banyak jenis yang sama, sedangkan pada lahan semak menunjukkan banyak jenis yang berbeda. Lahan NKT tidak mengalami kebakaran, sehingga nilai dampak kebakaran tidak dihitung di lahan tersebut.


Kata Kunci


Dampak, kebakaran, perkebunan kelapa sawit mamalia

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jphka.2022.19.2.265-277

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