DAMPAK PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN TERHADAP RESPON HIDROLOGIS DI DAS ASAHAN

Ahmad Dany Sunandar

Sari


ABSTRACT

Land use change is a dynamic process of human activity and these changes will affect hydrological response of a
watershed. The research aimed to identify hydrological responses of Asahan watershed due to land use change. Post
classification image analysis method was applied to analyze landsat image to detect land use change. SWAT model
was built using land use data, soil type and daily climate data from 1985-2010. The results showed that landuse
change were more prevalent in non forest land while the forest was relatively fixed. Optimum land use was shown in
2010, indicated with the lowest surface run off and the highest water yield. Improved hydrological response of
Asahan Watershed throughout 1985-2010 occured due to relatively fixed area of forest cover, reduction of barrend
land and shrubs and addition of plantation area.


Keywords: Surface run off, landuse, watershed, water yield


ABSTRAK

Perubahan penggunaan lahan merupakan proses yang dinamis dari aktivitas manusia dan perubahan ini akan
berpengaruh terhadap respon hidrologi dalam suatu Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengidentifikasi respon hidrologi DAS Asahan akibat perubahan penggunaan lahan yang terjadi di DAS Asahan.
Analisis perubahan penggunaan lahan dilakukan melalui analisis citra dengan metode Landsat post classification
image analysis. Model SWAT dibangun dengan data penggunaan lahan, data jenis tanah dan iklim harian antara
tahun 1985-2010. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan lahan lebih banyak terjadi di lahan non hutan
sedangkan lahan hutan relatif tetap. Penggunaan lahan optimal terlihat pada tahun 2010 yang ditunjukkan dengan
aliran permukaan yang paling kecil dan hasil air yang tinggi. Perbaikan respon hidrologis DAS Asahan dari tahun
1985-2010 terjadi karena luas hutannya relatif tetap, berkurangnya luas lahan terbuka dan semak belukar serta
bertambahnya luas lahan perkebunan.


Kata kunci: Aliran permukaan, daerah Aliran Sungai, hasil air, penggunaan lahan


Kata Kunci


DAS Asahan; perubahan penggunaan lahan; aliran permukaan; hasil air; model SWAT

Teks Lengkap:

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jpht.2016.13.1.49-60

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