DINAMIKA SERANGAN ULAT Heortia vitessoides Moore (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) PADA TANAMAN GAHARU DI HUTAN PENELITIAN CARITA, PROPINSI BANTEN

Kuntadi Kuntadi, Ragil SB Irianto, Lincah Andadari

Sari


ABSTRACT

Heortia vitessoides Moore is the most serious pest on agarwood trees for causing defoliation. A three years survey was conducted at Carita Forest Research Station, Banten Province, to describe the pattern and dynamic of pest infestation. Monthly monitoring were done at 3 permanent plots, each representing planting block of agarwood with different ecological and stand conditions. Each plot contained six subplots and each subplot consisted of 15 agarwood trees. The presence of pests, the level of infestation, and the attacking frequency were recorded. The results showed that pests occurred throughout the year with attack patterns fluctuated. The highest infestation occurred during dry season. The pest was mostly found as one colony of gregarious caterpillars in various instar. Most of the agarwood trees had recurrent attacks with a frequency of 2-3 times per year. The intensity of attack tend to be higher in the seedling of agarwood trees grown in open areas with lower density of shrubs and vegetation.

Key words: Agarwood trees, dynamics, frequency, intensity, pest

ABSTRAK

Heortia vitessoides Moore adalah jenis rama-rama dari famili Crambidae. Larva serangga ini merupakan hama paling serius pada tanaman gaharu karena menyebabkan penggundulan daun. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pola dan dinamika serangan ulat H. vitessoides pada tanaman gaharu. Penelitian dilakukan selama 3 tahun di Hutan Penelitian Carita, Propinsi Banten, dengan melakukan monitoring berkala di 3 plot pengamatan permanen yang masing-masing mewakili blok penanaman gaharu dengan kondisi ekologis dan ukuran tegakan berbeda. Pada setiap plot penelitian terdapat 6 sub plot dan setiap sub plot terdiri dari 15 tanaman gaharu yang rutin diamati. Data yang dikumpulkan, yaitu keberadaan hama (meliputi stadia dan populasi hama), tingkat serangan dan frekuensi serangan hama yang dicatat setiap bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan serangan hama terjadi sepanjang tahun dengan pola serangan berfluktuasi. Serangan tertinggi terjadi pada musim kemarau. Pada setiap pohon yang terserang rata- rata hanya ditemukan satu koloni ulat gaharu dalam berbagai instar. Sebagian besar tanaman gaharu mengalami serangan berulang dengan frekuensi 2-3 kali per tahun. Intensitas serangan cenderung lebih tinggi pada tingkat seedling dan pada pertanaman gaharu di lokasi terbuka dengan tingkat kerapatan vegetasi dan tumbuhan bawah yang semakin rendah.

Kata kunci: Dinamika, frekuensi, hama, intensitas, tanaman gaharu,


Kata Kunci


Tanaman gaharu; hama; dinamika; intensitas; defoliasi

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jpht.2016.13.2.83-93

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