DISTRIBUSI TANAMAN DAN NILAI EKONOMI HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN DI KECAMATAN BATUKLIANG UTARA KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH (Plant Distribution and Economic Value of Community Forests in North Batukliang Sub-district, Central Lombok Regency)

Chairil Anwar Siregar, Alfonsus H. Harianja, Dalilah Dalilah, Sidiq Cahyono, Soraya Ulfah

Sari


ABSTRACT

Community forest (HKm) as one scheme of social forestry has been established in Central Lombok Regency since 1999 and was legalized in 2010. The HKm covered an area of 1,809.5 ha and has formed an agroforestry pattern since it was first established 13 years ago. However, the plant distribution and economic value of production area remain unknown. Therefore this research is designed to record plant composition and calculate the economics value of HKm in the research area. Survey method using analysis of vegetation was carried out to measure the plant composition. Sampling intensity was 0.01% or 1.81 ha with a total number of sample plots were 45. Survey was also used to calculate the economic value, with sampling intensity of 1% or in total 32 households. The results showed that the plant composition consists of mature trees (2.02%), young trees (4.12%), sapling (26.44%) and seedling (67.41%). The plant density was 11,462 ind/ha and dominated by Coffea sp., Musa sp., Durio zibethinus, Theobroma cacaoa and Arthocarpus heterophyllus with proportion of 24.08%; 13.70%; 9.25%; 7.48% and 5.30%, respectively. Total economic value in the average was Rp 6,366,484/household/year or Rp 530,540/household/month. There was a downward trend in HKm production due to increased vegetation coverage. Exchange rate of HKm commodities can be improved by applying supporting strategic programs in HKm developments.

 
 

ABSTRAK

Pembangunan Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm) di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah telah dimulai sejak tahun 1999 dalam bentuk ijin sementara pengelolaan HKm dan kemudian diterbitkan Ijin Usaha Pengelolaan Hutan Kemasyarakatan (IUP-HKm) pada tahun 2010 dengan luas areal 1.809,5 ha. Kawasan HKm dalam waktu tiga belas tahun (2000-2013) telah  membentuk formasi hutan pola agroforestri. Namun demikian, distribusi tanaman dan nilai produksi kawasan belum diketahui. Untuk itu dilaksanakan penelitian guna mengetahui komposisi tanaman dan nilai produksinya. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan metode survei dengan melakukan analisa vegetasi untuk mengetahui distribusi tanaman dengan intensitas sampling sebesar 0,01% atau 1,81 ha dengan jumlah plot sebanyak 45 unit. Untuk mengetahui nilai ekonomi dari produksi tanaman dalam HKm, dilaksanakan wawancara terhadap petani penggarap HKm dengan intensitas sampling 1% atau sebanyak 32 petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi tanaman yang ada dalam areal HKm terdiri dari strata pohon sebesar 2,02%, tiang 4,12%, pancang 26,44% dan semai 67,4%. Kerapatan tanaman 11.462 btg/ ha yang didominasi oleh tanaman kopi (Coffea sp.), pisang (Musa sp.), durian (Durio zibethinus), coklat (Theobroma cacao) dan nangka (Arthocarpus heterophyllus) dengan proporsi berturut-turut 24,08%; 13,70%; 9,25%; 7,48% dan 5,30%. Nilai ekonomi yang diperoleh rumah tangga petani rata-rata sebesar Rp 6.366.484/tahun atau Rp 530.540/bulan. Terdapat kecenderungan penurunan nilai produksi HKm akibat semakin meningkatnya penutupan lahan. Untuk meningkatkan nilai tukar komoditas HKm, diperlukan program strategis yang dapat mendorong pembangunan HKm.


Kata Kunci


agroforestry; Batukliang; distribusi tanaman; HKm;nilai produksi kawasan

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jpht.2019.16.2.115-131

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