Perbandingan Uji Budi Daya Lebah Jenis Heterotrigona itama pada Empat Tipe Vegetasi (Comparision of Meliponiculture using Heterotrigona itama Placed at Four Different Vegetations)

Avry Pribadi

Sari


ABSTRACT

Nowadays, meliponiculture becomes a popular activity for most beekeepers since it is not complicated as apiculture. Heterotrigona itama is common species of stingless bees that becomes one of the most favorites for most meliponiculturists in Indonesia. On the other hand, location and vegetation are essential factors that influence the success of practicing meliponiculture. This study aimed to evaluate the development of H. itama at four locations (heterogenic yard field, calyandra plantation, pine forest, and oil palm plantation). Three times observations were conducted in June, August, and October 2016 toward the volume of brood,the number of honey, and the number of pollen pots. A randomized completely design was assigned in this study. Data were analyzed by conducting ANOVA and repeated measures that comparing between locations and observation times. Results showed that at the end of observation, the volume of brood was significantly high in oil palm plantations and the volume of brood was low in Pine forest. Meanwhile, the number of honey pots was significantly high in the heterogenic yard field and significantly low in the Pine forest. Furthermore, pollen pots were significantly high in oil palm plantations and low in Pine forests. This study revealed that low land and heterogeny yard are more suitable for keeping H. itama.

Keyword: Meliponoculture, heterotrigona itama, honey pots, pollen pots, vegetations 

 

ABSTRAK

Beberapa tahun belakangan ini, budi daya lebah tanpa sengat menjadi sangat popular dibandingkan lebah bersengat, karena budi dayanya yang relatif \ sederhana dan tidak rumit. Mayoritas jenis yang banyak dibudidayakan oleh para peternak lebah adalah Heterotrigona itama. Kesuksesan budi daya lebah tidak bersengat bergantung pada lokasi dan kondisi vegetasi, sehingga pemilihan lokasi sebelum budi daya merupakan hal yang penting. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perkembangan H. itama yang ditempatkan pada vegetasi yang berbeda, yaitu lahan pekarangan heterogen, kebun kaliandra, hutan pinus, dan kebun kelapa sawit. Pengumpulan data dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali, yaitu pada bulan Juni, Agustus, dan Oktober tahun 2016 terhadap volume sel anakan, jumlah kantung madu yang terbentuk, dan jumlah kantung tepung sari/polen.  enelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap. Data dianalisis secara ANOVA dan pengukuran berulang terhadap waktu pengamatan dan lokasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa volume sel anakan tertinggi pada akhir pengamatan pada bulan Oktober terdapat di lokasi kebun sawit dan terendah terdapat di hutan pinus. Perkembangan jumlah kantung madu pada koloni tertinggi terdapat di lahan pekarangan dan terendah terdapat di hutan pinus. Selanjutnya, perkembangan jumlah kantung polen pada koloni H. itama tertinggi terdapat di kebun sawit dan terendah di hutan pinus. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa lokasi yang tepat untuk pemeliharaan H. itama berada di lingkungan yang heterogen dan berada di dataran rendah.

Kata kunci: Budi daya, tegakan, lebah tanpa sengat, Heterotrigona itama, kantung madu, kantung pole


Kata Kunci


Budi daya; tegakan; lebah tanpa sengat; Heterotrigona itama; kantung madu; kantung polen

Teks Lengkap:

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jpht.2021.18.2.93-108

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