KERAGAMAN GENETIK POPULASI KAYU MERAH (Pterocarpus indicus Willd) MENGGUNAKAN PENANDA RAMDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHISM DNA

Purnamila Sulistyawati; AYPBC Widyatmoko

doi:10.20886/jpth.2017.11.1.67-76

KERAGAMAN GENETIK POPULASI KAYU MERAH (Pterocarpus indicus Willd) MENGGUNAKAN PENANDA RAMDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHISM DNA

Purnamila Sulistyawati, AYPBC Widyatmoko

Abstract

Kayu merah ( Pterocarpus indicus Willd) which listed as one of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in the category Vulnerable (VU A1D) is naturally distributed throughout Indonesia included Java, Sulawesi, Maluku, Bali, East Nusa Tenggara, West Nusa Tenggara and Papua. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular markers have been used to analyze the genetic diversity of six (6) natural populations of kayu merah from Seram Island, Manggarai Timur-Flores, Ngada-Flores, Soe-Timor Tengah Selatan, Kefamenanu-Timor Tengah Utara and Kupang. Ninety-nine (99) polymorphic loci were obtained from twelve RAPD primers. The mean of genetic diversity was 0.2024. Population with the highest genetic diversity was Soe (0.2925) and the lowest genetic diversity was Ngada (0.1212). The highest genetic distance among the populations was between Ngada and Kefamenanu (0.376), while the nearest genetic distance was between Ngada and Manggarai Timur (0.060). The informations resulted from this study are important to support the tree improvement and conservation programme of kayu merah.

Keywords

DNA marker; genetic conservation; tree improvement; genetic distance

Full Text:

PDF

References

Ajambang, W., Sudarsono, Asmono, & Toruan, N. (2012). Microsatellite markers reveal Cameroon’s wild oil palm population as a possible solution to broaden the genetic base in the Indonesia-Malaysia oil palm breeding programs. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(69), 13244–13249.

Al-Khairi. (2008). Keragaman Genetik Jati Rakyat di Jawa Berdasarkan Penanda Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). IPB Bogor.

Dona, F. (2014). Pengaruh Ekstrak Kulit Batang Angsana (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.) terhadap Kualitas Sperma Epididimis Mencit (Mus musculus L. Swiss webster). STKIP PGRI Padang Sumatra Barat.

Finkeldey, R. (2005). An Introduction to Tropical Forest Genetics. (I. . Djamhuri, U. . Siregar, Siregar, & A.W. Kertadikara, Eds.). Bogor: IPB.

Heyne, K. (1987). Tumbuhan Berguna Indonesia. Yayasn Sarana Wana Jaya.

Joker, D. (2002). Pterocarpus indicus Wild. In Seed Brief Information. Bandung: Indonesia Forest Seed Project.

Maskur, Muladno, & Tappa, B. (2007). Identifikasi genetik menggunakan marker mikrosatelit dan hubungannya dengan sifat kuantitatif pada sapi. Media Peternakan, 30(3), 147–155.

Mc Donald, B. M., & Mc Dermott, J. M. (1993). Population genetic of plant pathogenic fungi, electrophoretic markers given unprecedented precision to analysis of genetic structure of population. Bio Science, 43, 311–319.

Nayak, G. R., & Rout, P. D. (2003). Evaluation of the genetic variability in bamboo using RAPD. Plant Soil Environ, 49(1), 24–28.

Nei, M. (1987). Molecular Evolutionary Genetics. New York: Columbia University Press.

Nurtjahjaningsih, I., Qiptiyah, M., Pamungkas, T., Widyatmoko, A., & Rimbawanto, A. (2014). Karakterisasi keragaman genetik populasi jabon putih menggunakan penanda random amplified polymorphism DNA. Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan, 8(2), 81–92.

Peakall, R., & Smouse, P. E. (2012). GenAlEx 6.5: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research an update. Bioinformatics, 28(19), 2537–2539.

Runo, M. S., Muluvi, G. M., & Odee, D. W. (2004). Analysis of genetic structure in Melia volkensii (Gurke.) populations using random amplified polymorphic DNA. African Journal of Biotechnology, 3(8), 421–425.

Semagn, K., Bjornstad, A., & Ndjiondjop, M. N. (2006). Principles, requirements and prospects of genetic mapping in plants. African Journal of Biotechnology, 5(25), 2569–2587.

Shiraishi, S., & Watanabe, A. (1995). Identification of chloroplast genome between Pinus densiflora Sieeb. et Zucc. And P. thunbergii Parl. Base on the polymorphism. Journal of the Japanese Forest Society, 77(95), 429–436.

Soerianegara, I., & Lemmens, R. H. M. J. (2002). Sumber Daya Nabati Asia Tenggara 5(1): Pohon penghasil kayu perdagangan yang utama. Jakarta: PROSEA - Balai Pustaka.

Williams, J. G. K., Kubelik, A. R., Livak, K. J., Rafalski, J. A., & Tingey, S. V. (1990). DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Res, 18, 6531–6535. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.22.6531

World Conservation Monitoring Centre. (1998). Pterocarpus indicus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1998: e.T33241A9770599. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T33241A9770599.en

Yeh, F. C., & Boyle, T. J. B. (1997). Population genetic analysis of co-dominant and dominant markers and quantitative traits. Belgian Journal of Botany, (129), 157.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jpth.2017.11.1.67-76